Foreword

The connection between human health, animals, and the environment has been widely recognized as important for the ecosystem we inherit and intend to improve for the generations to come. This, of course, is not a responsibility of a region or a country; rather is the responsibility of all of us. Efforts have to be collaborative and transboundary in approach. Of the many types of challenges, respiratory diseases have emerged as a real threat in the recent past. Scientists have been working to reduce their load and easily spread it from animals to human beings. Newly emerging respiratory diseases such as severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pose a serious threat to the human population and are reported in the year 2003, 2012, and 2019, respectively.

This book is very relevant in this connection. This book consists of four key modules. The first module provides a clearly defined genetic mutation and progression of SARS-CoV in the human population. The second elaborates on the genetic mutational changes of MERS, and the third one summarizes the genetic mutation of SARS-CoV-2. The last one elaborated on the correlation of coronaviruses with various disorders, especially epigenetic, neurological disorders, and artificial intelligence. The learning outcomes of this book are developing knowledge, skills, and competencies in scientists, students, employers, and human resource specialists. This book focuses on developing a detailed set of guidelines regarding epidemiology, genetic alteration, a structural protein, quantitative analysis, and diagnostic approaches of SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2, and will give step-by-step awareness to the researchers about these outbreaks. This book will be adopted to give reliable knowledge to all scientists globally. I hope that this book will be distributed widely in Pakistani higher institutions soon for thorough implementation at all levels of postgraduate studies.